Sail
The sails are made of monofilm, dacron and mylar, with senstitive parts being reinforced with kevlar. There are 2 prominent designs camber induced and rotational.
Camber sails: have 1-5 camber induces (plastic devices at the ends of battens which cup against the mast), they help to hold a rigid shape in the sail better for speed and stability, but it comes at a cost for maneuverability and feel (weight) of the sail. Rigidity is also determined by the number of battens. Beginners sails often don’t have battens so they are lighter and easier, but as they improve a battened sail will give greater stability in strong winds.
Rotational sails: have battens which protrude beyond the back aspect of the mast, they flip to the other side of the mast when tacking or jibing.
In comparison rotational designs offer less power and stability when sailing straight but are easier to handle when maneuvering, and they are easier to rig.
The leading edge of the sail is culled the luff, the mast is the luff tube, the rear edge of the sail is the leech, the front bottom where the mast foot protrudes is the tack, the rear corner with the boom attached is the clew, between the clew and tack is the foot.